{"id":9261,"date":"2010-05-20T10:24:00","date_gmt":"2010-05-20T14:24:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/?p=9261"},"modified":"2020-02-27T16:43:52","modified_gmt":"2020-02-27T21:43:52","slug":"lieberman-persistence-hunting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/lieberman-persistence-hunting\/","title":{"rendered":"Good News, Endurance Runners: One Scientist Says We&#039;re Not All Nuts"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The next time your doctor or well-meaning family member tells you running is bad for you, you&#8217;ve got an ally.<\/p>\n<p>If you&#8217;ve read <em>Born to Run<\/em>, then you already know his name: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fas.harvard.edu\/~skeleton\/danlhome.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. Dan Lieberman<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_31620\" style=\"width: 275px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31620\" class=\"wp-image-31620 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/05\/dysevolution-image.jpg\" alt=\"Image from Dr. Lieberman's talk, &quot;The Evolution and Dysevolution of Humans&quot;\" width=\"265\" height=\"156\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-31620\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image from Dr. Lieberman&#8217;s talk, &#8220;The Evolution and Dysevolution of Humans&#8221;<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Dr. Lieberman is the Harvard evolutionary biologist whose theories are challenging the traditional idea that humans aren&#8217;t born runners, and the belief that running 13.1, 26.2, or 50 miles at a clip can only do us harm.<\/p>\n<p>Recently, he&#8217;s been in the news for his work on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.barefootrunning.fas.harvard.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">barefoot running<\/a>.\u00a0 If you haven&#8217;t seen the website he and his colleagues put together that shows what happens when <a href=\"https:\/\/www.barefootrunning.fas.harvard.edu\/4BiomechanicsofFootStrike.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">runners take off their shoes<\/a>, you owe it to your legs and feet to watch it.<\/p>\n<p>I had the pleasure of hearing Dr. Lieberman speak at the University of Delaware last week.\u00a0 Cozy up; this is his exciting take on why humans are, in fact, born to run.\u00a0 (Please excuse any anthropological botches I make here; I&#8217;m a math guy.)<\/p>\n<h3>Walking on Two Legs Makes Banana-Getting Easier<\/h3>\n<p>About 5 to 7 million years ago, humans branched off from our last common ancestor with chimpanzees and began to walk upright.\u00a0 As climate change turned lush forests into sparser woodlands, finding bananas to eat became a lot tougher.\u00a0 (Chimps eat bananas, right?)<\/p>\n<p>You see, walking around hunched over on four legs is hard.\u00a0 It&#8217;s good for climbing trees, but not so good for traveling.\u00a0 It takes a lot of energy to cover any considerable distance this way.\u00a0 This is why chimps run only 100 meters a day.\u00a0 They hate it.<\/p>\n<p>Those who could walk on two legs had an advantage.\u00a0 They could still climb decently, but now they could travel miles in search of greener pastures.\u00a0 Or yellower trees.<\/p>\n<h3>When Bananas Aren&#8217;t Enough<\/h3>\n<p>Fast forward a few million years, to about 2.5 million years ago.\u00a0 Climate change has turned many of those woodlands into plains.\u00a0 Meanwhile, we&#8217;ve evolved to the genus <em>homo<\/em>, and our big brains now require that we get more calories than we used to.<\/p>\n<p>As bananas (and other fruits and vegetables, of course) become even harder to find, some smarty pants realizes that if we can kill big animals, we can get thousands of calories by eating their flesh, brains, and bone marrow.\u00a0 (Sorry vegetarians, Dr. Lieberman can&#8217;t help us with this one.)\u00a0 So about 1.8 million years ago, we start hunting.<\/p>\n<h3>How to Kill an Antelope Without a Throwing Spear<\/h3>\n<p>At this point, we haven&#8217;t figured out that we can sharpen something and throw it to become deadly hunters.\u00a0 And we&#8217;re not particularly fast, either.\u00a0 So how do we acquire all this luscious meat, brain, and bone marrow?<\/p>\n<p>This is where Lieberman&#8217;s ideas are new.\u00a0 He hypothesizes that at this point, we became endurance runners.<\/p>\n<p>Even though humans can&#8217;t sprint worth a lick, we&#8217;re pretty damn good at jogging, or whatever you call running at 10K pace or even marathon pace.\u00a0 We can cover these distances much faster than most animals can because we can cool ourselves efficiently.\u00a0 As evidence of this, four-legged animals are physically unable to pant while they gallop. (Lieberman suggested trying it at home with the family dog; I&#8217;ll pass on that one.)<\/p>\n<p>And so <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Persistence_hunting\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">persistence hunting<\/a> was born.\u00a0 We would wait until the hottest part of the day, head out to the plains in a group, put on our race numbers and stand nervously in line at the porta-pot, and start the hunt.<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s how it works.\u00a0 One person sprints after the prey.\u00a0 The prey escapes temporarily, but the sprinter stays close enough to point the rest of the group to where the prey is recovering from its sprint.\u00a0 Repeat a few more times, the prey collapses from hyperthermia, and someone kills it with a rock.<\/p>\n<p>Safe, inexpensive, reliable.\u00a0 While the prey was doing a deadly interval workout, the group only had to run an easy 15K.<\/p>\n<p>We&#8217;re really good at running slowly.\u00a0 Better than anyone else.\u00a0 It&#8217;s in our blood, and that&#8217;s why it feels so good.<\/p>\n<h3>The Dysevolution of Humans<\/h3>\n<p>The point of Dr. Lieberman&#8217;s talk was not to demonstrate that running marathons is healthy behavior.\u00a0 That&#8217;s old news to him, and you can read about it in far more detail in Chapter 28 of <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Born-Run-Hidden-Superathletes-Greatest\/dp\/0307266303\/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;s=books&amp;qid=1274365565&amp;sr=8-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Born to Run<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>What Lieberman is interested in now is what&#8217;s next for humans.\u00a0 Sure, natural selection turned us into persistence hunting machines.\u00a0 The problem is that everyone sits around watching Dancing With the Stars and eats at McDonald&#8217;s.\u00a0 Almost nobody lives a &#8220;biologically normal&#8221; life.\u00a0 And our technology and medicine have advanced to the point at which people who&#8217;d have been the first ones dead in a famine or rough winter a million years ago are today able to live comfortable lives.<\/p>\n<p>Lieberman was careful to point out that he is <em>absolutely in favor<\/em> of helping people live quality lives, and that to suggest we stop treating them is preposterous.\u00a0 But he argues that many conditions, like cancer, flat-footedness, and obesity, persist <em>precisely because we can treat them<\/em>.\u00a0 A million years ago, people predisposed to these disadvantages would not have survived for long, and natural selection would have removed their genes from the population.<\/p>\n<p>Nowadays, in what Lieberman calls &#8220;dysevolution,&#8221; their genes are passed on.\u00a0 Which leads to their offspring having the same conditions.\u00a0 Which leads to more treatment.\u00a0 A positive feedback loop ensues.\u00a0 The reign of natural selection as we know it is over.\u00a0 What happens next is anybody&#8217;s guess.<\/p>\n<p>Dr. Lieberman also spoke a bit about barefoot running.\u00a0 I&#8217;d love to get into it, but that must wait for another post, as this one is getting long.\u00a0 Check out his <a href=\"https:\/\/www.barefootrunning.fas.harvard.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">barefoot running<\/a> website for yourself.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The next time your doctor or well-meaning family member tells you running is bad for you, you&#8217;ve got an ally. If you&#8217;ve read Born to Run, then you already know his name: Dr. Dan Lieberman. Dr. Lieberman is the Harvard evolutionary biologist whose theories are challenging the traditional idea that humans aren&#8217;t born runners, and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":9277,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"wprm-recipe-roundup-name":"","wprm-recipe-roundup-description":"","_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[75],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-9261","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-fitness","8":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Persistence Hunting and Why We&#039;re Born to Run<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The evolutionary case for endurance running. How early humans hunted by wearing down their prey over long distances. From a talk by Harvard evolutionary biologist Dan Lieberman.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/lieberman-persistence-hunting\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Persistence Hunting and Why We&#039;re Born to Run\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The evolutionary case for endurance running. How early humans hunted by wearing down their prey over long distances. From a talk by Harvard evolutionary biologist Dan Lieberman.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/lieberman-persistence-hunting\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"No Meat Athlete\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/NoMeatAthlete\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2010-05-20T14:24:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-02-27T21:43:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/AdobeStock_111662556-1000.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"561\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Matt Frazier\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@nomeatathlete\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@nomeatathlete\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Matt Frazier\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/lieberman-persistence-hunting\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/lieberman-persistence-hunting\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Matt Frazier\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/#\/schema\/person\/e3eb620b2ce4bda7d1f8b0915ba0b993\"},\"headline\":\"Good News, Endurance Runners: One Scientist Says We&#039;re Not All Nuts\",\"datePublished\":\"2010-05-20T14:24:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-02-27T21:43:52+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/lieberman-persistence-hunting\/\"},\"wordCount\":992,\"commentCount\":25,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/lieberman-persistence-hunting\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"articleSection\":[\"Fitness\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/lieberman-persistence-hunting\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/lieberman-persistence-hunting\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/lieberman-persistence-hunting\/\",\"name\":\"Persistence Hunting and Why We're Born to Run\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/lieberman-persistence-hunting\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.nomeatathlete.com\/lieberman-persistence-hunting\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"datePublished\":\"2010-05-20T14:24:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-02-27T21:43:52+00:00\",\"description\":\"The evolutionary case for endurance running. 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